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Rock Paper Scissors is played by two players with their hands. In our project, one player will be the computer and the other player will be the user. The user will use a GUI window to play against the computer.

Let’s start with the rules. Each player has three choices at a time: rock, paper, or scissors.

Each player has to choose one of these three mutually exclusive options. If both players choose the same option, then that will be a tie. Hence, no one will get a point.

If user1 selects rock and user2 selects paper, then user2 wins that round. If user1 selects rock and user2 selects scissors, then user1 wins the round.

What if user1 selects paper and user2 selects scissors? Then, user2 wins that round.

We will create a GUI that has three buttons, one for “Rock”, one for “Paper”, and one for “Scissors”.

The user can click on any of these three buttons to select their choice and the computer will randomly select its choice.

We then compare both these choices and give one point to the winner of that round. We will display the points on the GUI window using a Text widget.

The following is a rough design of the GUI app that we are going to build.

We have mentioned the positions where we are planning to place the frames and widgets. The design is pretty simple so we can focus on the game logic.

Tip: Whenever you build a project, draw a rough design of your app on a piece of paper before you actually start coding. That will help you plan and give you an overview of the project. It is a good practice to follow in all personal coding projects, not just Tkinter projects.

Creating a window
Adding Frames
Designing the first Frame
Designing the second Frame

Creating a window

Next, we will split this GUI into two parts using Frames.

Adding Frames

We will create two Frame widgets and put them in the GUI using the grid geometry.

We will place the first Frame on the left side of the window, at row 0 and column 0 , and the second Frame on the right side, at row 0 and column 1.

Now, let’s place the widgets in these two Frames.

Designing the second Frame

We will start with designing the first Frame. Our plan is to place a Text widget here that will display the scores of the players (user and computer). Initially, we can keep their scores as “0”. We can also add some instructions to play the game in this Text widget. We will place this Text widget in row 0 and column 0 inside this Frame.

We have added some basic styling to the Text widget using options like

Designing the second Frame

Now, let’s design the second Frame and place the widgets. As per our initial design, we will have three buttons (Rock, Paper, and Scissors) on this Frame. We will place these buttons inside this Frame in rows 0, 1, and 2, while the column number will be 0.

We will give some horizontal and vertical padding between the two Frames to keep the UI clean.

You can customize the UI further if you want. You can play with the widgets and options to make your UI unique and interesting.

• Defining the variables
• Defining the computer choice method
• Defining the rock, paper, and scissors methods
• Connecting the methods and buttons

We have designed the game GUI in the previous lesson. Now, let’s write some Python code to implement the working of the game.

Defining the variables

First of all, we will create variables for user score, computer score, user choice, and computer choice.
We will initialize the scores with “0” and the choice variables with empty strings.

Defining the computer choice method#

We know that the user selects an option from Rock, Paper, or Scissors by clicking a button. But, how will the computer select its choice? Let’s create the method `random_computer_choice()’ to do that.
Inside this method, the computer will choose an option randomly and return it. We can import and use the random module in Python for this.

Defining the rock, paper, and scissors methods

Now, we will define three methods for the three buttons. When a user clicks a button, the corresponding method will be invoked. The method for the “Rock” button will assign the value

We made these variables global so that we can use them across the entire program.
Let’s define the methods for the “Paper” and “Scissors” buttons using the same logic.

Connecting the methods and buttons#

Let’s put these variables and methods in our GUI app above the code for our widgets. That way, these methods will be available for the buttons to use.
We will link these methods with the buttons using the command option.

In the above code, we just created new methods and defined some variables. We did not add any functionality as of now. That is why the output is the same, and the buttons are not executable at the moment.
So, with that, we have the user choice and computer choice inputs ready. Now, we need to process these two variables and perform the calculations and updates.

• Accepting the input parameters
• Writing the core logic of the game
• Updating the scoreboard
• Let’s run the app

Let’s define the result() method, which will implement the core logic of the game.

Accepting the input parameters
We will start by accepting the user choice and computer choice as parameters of the method.
Let’s also initialize the global variables which store the scores.

Writing the core logic of the game

The core game logic is the most important part of the game. Without this code, the game cannot run.
Take a look at the following table that shows all the different scenarios in the game. We will implement the logic to address all of these options.

Updating the scoreboard

We have written the logic to find the winner and update the score. Now, we need to update the scoreboard of the game, which is handled by a Text widget.
We will define a new Text widget and replace the original Text widget with this new one.
We can place the scores inside a string using string formatting. Finally, we will insert that string into the Text widget.

Let’s run the app

Let’s place the

Congratulations, our Rock Paper Scissors game is ready! You can now play the game against the computer by running the code.

If you want to customize the app further, go ahead. Remember, experimenting with your app is the best way to learn Tkinter.

For example, you could try to add a new button called “Restart” in the GUI. When the user clicks the button, the scores will be set to 0, and the game will restart. Give it a try!